由于工作环境限制,无法登录图形化界面进行安装部署ORACLE客户端情况,在网络上进行资料收集,并亲自测试,总结了一下命令行模式安装部署ORACLE环境的操作命令
准备工作
(1)oracle客户端安装包,可以到官网去下载;
(2)oracle客户端安装依赖包,如yum已经部署可进行yum安装;
yum install -y elfutils libaio1 libaio-dev libstdc++6-4.4-dev numactl pdksh sysstat unixODBC-dev unixODBC build-essential libaio1 gawk ksh libmotif3 alien libtool
(一)创建用户及组
groupadd -g 500 oinstall groupadd -g 501 dba groupadd -g 502 oper useradd -u 601 -g oinstall -G dba,oper -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash oracle
(二)创建文件目录及权限
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.0.1.2/db_1 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 chmod -R 775 /u01
(三)修改对应访问oracle用户的环境变量
su - oracle
vi ~/.bash_profile
export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.0.1.2/db_1 export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin export ORACLE_TERM=xterm export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib export EDITOR=vi export LANG=en_US export NLS_LANG=american_america.AL32UTF8 export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss' umask 022
source ~/.bash_profile
(四)上传客户端及修改对应客户端目录所属
这个要根据需要去官网下载符合oracle服务端版本的oracle
unzip linuxamd64_12102_client.zip chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/client
(五)编辑配置文件
文件目录为:/opt/client/response/client_install.rsp
需要修改的地方用颜色注释
############################################################################### ## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2014. All rights reserved. ## #### ## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize ## ## your installation.## #### ## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment ## ## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate ## ## values. ## #### ############################################################################### #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Do not change the following system generated value. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_clientinstall_response_schema_v12.1.0 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # This variable holds the hostname of the system as set by the user. # It can be used to force the installation to use an alternative # hostname rather than using the first hostname found on the system # (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames and network interfaces). #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ORACLE_HOSTNAME=orcl #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Unix group to be set for the inventory directory. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Inventory location. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the languages in which the components will be installed. # # en : English ja : Japanese # fr : French ko : Korean # ar : Arabic es : Latin American Spanish # bn : Bengali lv : Latvian # pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese lt : Lithuanian # bg : Bulgarian ms : Malay # fr_CA: Canadian French es_MX: Mexican Spanish # ca : Catalan no : Norwegian # hr : Croatian pl : Polish # cs : Czech pt : Portuguese # da : Danish ro : Romanian # nl : Dutch ru : Russian # ar_EG: Egyptian zh_CN: Simplified Chinese # en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk : Slovak # et : Estonian sl : Slovenian # fi : Finnish es_ES: Spanish # de : German sv : Swedish # el : Greek th : Thai # iw : Hebrew zh_TW: Traditional Chinese # hu : Hungarian tr : Turkish # is : Icelandic uk : Ukrainian # in : Indonesian vi : Vietnamese # it : Italian # # all_langs : All languages # # Specify value as the following to select any of the languages. # Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja # # Specify value as the following to select all the languages. # Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=all_langs #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Complete path of the Oracle Home #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.0.1.2/db_1 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Complete path of the Oracle Base. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #Name : INSTALL_TYPE #Datatype : String #Description: Installation type of the component. # # The following choices are available. The value should contain # only one of these choices. # - InstantClient # - Administrator # - Runtime # - Custom # #Example : INSTALL_TYPE = Administrator #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.client.installType=Administrator #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Name : oracle.install.client.customComponents # Datatype : StringList # # This property is considered only if INSTALL_TYPE is set to "Custom" # # Description: List of Client Components you would like to install # # The following choices are available. You may specify any # combination of these choices. The components you choose should # be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version" # Below is a list of components you may specify to install. # # oracle.sqlj:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle SQLJ" # oracle.rdbms.util:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle Database Utilities" # oracle.javavm.client:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle Java Client" # oracle.sqlplus:12.1.0.2.0 -- "SQL*Plus" # oracle.dbjava.jdbc:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle JDBC/THIN Interfaces" # oracle.ldap.client:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle Internet Directory Client" # oracle.rdbms.oci:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle Call Interface (OCI)" # oracle.precomp:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle Programmer" # oracle.xdk:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle XML Development Kit" # oracle.network.aso:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle Advanced Security" # oracle.oraolap.mgmt:12.1.0.2.0 -- "OLAP Analytic Workspace Manager and Worksheet" # oracle.network.client:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle Net" # oracle.network.cman:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle Connection Manager" # oracle.network.listener:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle Net Listener" # oracle.ordim.client:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle Multimedia Client Option" # oracle.odbc:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle ODBC Driver" # oracle.has.client:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle Clusterware High Availability API" # oracle.dbdev:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle SQL Developer" # oracle.rdbms.scheduler:12.1.0.2.0 -- "Oracle Scheduler Agent" # # Example : oracle.install.client.customComponents="oracle.precomp:12.1.0.2.0","oracle.oraolap.mgmt:12.1.0.2.0","oracle.rdbms.scheduler:12.1.0.2.0" #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.client.customComponents="oracle.precomp:12.1.0.2.0","oracle.oraolap.mgmt:12.1.0.2.0","oracle.rdbms.scheduler:12.1.0.2.0" #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Host name to be used for by the Oracle Scheduler Agent. # This needs to be entered in case oracle.rdbms.scheduler is selected in the # list of custom components during custom install # # Example : oracle.install.client.schedulerAgentHostName = acme.domain.com #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.client.schedulerAgentHostName= #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Port number to be used for by the Oracle Scheduler Agent. # This needs to be entered in case oracle.rdbms.scheduler is selected in the # list of custom components during custom install # # Example: oracle.install.client.schedulerAgentPortNumber = 1500 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.client.schedulerAgentPortNumber=1500
(六)进行客户端安装部署
使用oracle用户
cd /opt/client ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /opt/client/response/client_install.rsp
最后需要以root运行个脚本
以 root 用户的身份执行以下脚本:
sh /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
(七)创建并添加tns
安装完成后需要添加tnsnames.ora配置需要连接的数据库
配置tns的目录:
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.0.1.2/db_1/network/admin
在ORACLE_HOME/network/admin目录下新建tnsnames.ora文件
并添加需要连接的数据库的信息
例:
# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.0.1.2/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
orcl = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcl ) ) )
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